Assessment Base Reading Instruciton Case Study Essay Example for Free

Assessment Base Reading Instruciton Case Study Essay Table of Contents Introduction Description of the Student Background Information PART 1: Administration of Assessments DIBELS: A Universal Assessment Battery Description and Purpose of the Assessment Setting for the Assessment Description of the Assessment Administration Process Results of the Assessment Analysis of the Assessment Results Running Records Description and Purpose of the Assessment The running record allows you to record the child’s reading behavior as he or she reads from the book. The purpose of a running record is a tool used to determine word recognition reading fluency reading strategies, self- corrections, and comprehension. It is an individually conducted formative assessment which is ongoing and curriculum based. It provides a graphic  representation of a students oral reading, identifying patterns of effective and ineffective strategy use. This method was developed by Marie Clay, the originator of Reading Recovery. Running records helps document reading progress over time. Help teachers decide what students need to learn and matches students to appropriate books. We want to capture all the behaviors to help interpret what the child was probably doing. Everything the child says and does tells us something: when the reading is correct, what his hands and eyes were doing, the comments he made and when he repeated a line of text. Setting for the Assessment Library setting, after school. This was the only time available. Description of the Assessment Administration Process Select a book that is the child’s reading level. Explain to the child that he or she will read out loud as you observe and record his or her reading behavior. Sit next to the child so that you can see the text and the child’s finger and eye movements as he or she reads the text. Use running record form. As the child reads, mark each word on the running record form by using the symbols on the chart that follows. Place a check mark above each word that is read correctly. If the child reads incorrectly, record above the word what the child reads. If the child is reading too fast for you to record the running record, ask him or her to pause until you catch up. Intervene as little as possible while the child is reading. If the child is stuck and unable to continue, wait 5 to10 seconds and tell him or her the word. If the child seems confused, indicate the point of confusion and say, â€Å"Try again.† Results of the Assessment Student read 156 words at 98% accuracy. She had 3 errors and 2 self corrects. She missed boredom, I told her the word. She changed plan for idea, setting, characters, and beginning. She had trouble with middle and end. She did know the main idea but could not list supporting details. I would move this student to a higher level text. This text was easy for the student. Analysis of the Assessment Results Student read 156 words at 98% accuracy. She had 3 errors and 2 self corrects. She missed boredom, I told her the word. She changed plan for idea, setting, characters, and beginning. She had trouble with middle and end. She did know the main idea but could not list supporting details. This student needs practice in retelling story in sequence. She had issues with middle and end. I think she was going for a fluency score and read too fast. She had problems orally retelling middle and end. This level is an appropriate level for this student. I will use the results to plan for this student. Teaching purposes for running records. To find a book level appropriate for a child. Check a child after a series of lessons. Evaluate whether a lift in text level is appropriate. Observe particular difficulties in particular children in order to modify instructional emphasis. Evaluate in order to place a child in an appropriate instructional group, class or school. Add to a record which is monitoring an individual’s progress over time. Reading Inventory Description and Purpose of the Assessment Setting for the Assessment Description of the Assessment Administration Process Results of the Assessment Analysis of the Assessment Results Additional Diagnostic Assessment: Learner Choice Description and Purpose of the Assessment Setting for the Assessment Description of the Assessment Administration Process Results of the Assessment Analysis of the Assessment Results Overall Analysis of Assessment Results PART 2: Recommendations for Interventions and Instruction Identifying Student Needs Recommendations for Interventions and Instruction Recommendations for Further Assessment References Appendices Appendix A: DIBELS Scoring Documents Appendix B: Running Records Scoring Documents Appendix C: Reading Inventory Documents Appendix D: Additional Assessment Documents

Alan Cromer’s Connected Knowledge Essay -- Literature Science Debate E

Alan Cromer’s Connected Knowledge A prospective reader casually thumbing through the pages of Alan Cromer’s Connected Knowledge: Science, Philosophy, and Education, would probably expect the book to explore how science and the philosophy of science should inform educational practices and pedagogy. Indeed such an exploration takes place, but the reader might be surprised to find that it is in the form of a vehement crusade Cromer wages against constructivism with science and a scientific habit of mind as his sword and shield. In battle like style, Cromer starts on the defensive, trying to debunk the postmodernist interpretations of modern physics often used to declare science and thus all other academic pursuits â€Å"subjective.† After defending his own territory (Cromer is a physics professor at Northeastern University), Cromer goes on the offensive against those he deems largely responsible for constructivist thought--the â€Å"highly fragmented† sociological disciplines. First he sets ou t to demonstrate that by using a scientific habit of mind he can create a social theory of human behavior valid across a wide range of cultures and social contexts. In other words, even in the social sciences, everything is not relative. Then he aims to use the tools of psychologists, maze rats and intelligence testing, to discredit constructivism in favor of standardized education. The Defense The amazing transformation the study of physics underwent in the two decades following the turn of the 20th century is a well-known story. Physicists, on the verge of declaring the physical world â€Å"understood†, discovered that existing theories failed to describe the behavior of the atom. In a very short time, a more fundamental theory of the ... ... and in-class performance mediates movement between the groups. Response As the tone of the above discussion probably made clear, I rather enjoyed the first part of Connected Knowledge, which challenges many of the popular misinterpretations of modern physics. Cromer’s arguments are cogent even for the non-scientist, and it is clear that this is his field of expertise. But when Connected Knowledge ventured out of the realm of physics into that of social science, I found the discussion somewhat arrogant. In his attempt to discredit constructivist thought, Cromer offers only one way of understanding the world. I find such a view too narrow and too restrictive. I am not a relativist in that I think all approaches are equally valid, but I don’t believe that science provides the only route to understanding and should be the basis of every decision we make.

Dr. Doctor

Dear Doctor, Yesterday, during lunch, my best friend and I were discussing sexually transmitted diseases and we got into quite a brawl about some of the myths and facts of them. It seemed like the only statement we both agreed on was that the topic about sexually transmitted diseases (and how each are transmitted and statistics) should be taught in school, just how biological information and abstinence are being educated. With that being said, I have quite a few questions to ask you. Is it still possible to get a sexually transmitted disease if you are abstinent?If a person is infected with a sexually transmitted disease, can you tell by their appearance? Is there a higher chance that you will be infected by a sexually transmitted disease if you’re in your teen years? Can STDS only spread through semen and blood? If a woman is on birth control, does that prevent her from obtaining an STD as well? Can you, in fact, catch an STD from a toilet seat? And lastly, once you have a se xually transmitted disease, there’s no chance of becoming infected again, right?These were a bunch of questions that seemed to be left unanswered yesterday and I was wondering if you might be able to clarify them for me as well as every other reader out there. Thank you Doctor. Sincerely, Confused reader. Dear â€Å"Confused reader†, I do appreciate taking time to write to me about your questions and I also agree with you that the educational system should do more to inform the youth about sexually transmitted diseases before it may be too late. Also, as for your questions.. Yes, there is still a chance that one might become infected with a sexually transmitted disease while remaining abstinent. Abstinence does not preventAIDS, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C infections that come from nonsexual activities like using contaminated needles for doing drugs, unsterilized tattooing, or even taking steroids. You have no way of knowing if a person has a sexually transmitted disea se just by looking at their appearance and observing how ‘clean’ they are. Even doctors often can’t tell by looking if people have STDs; that’s why tests involving a patient’s blood work were made. Most STDs have very few signs or no signs at all. Only in really extreme cases of certain STDs could a person detect signs of an STD in the groin area; but don’t rely on it.It’s even possible to carry and spread the virus without ever having an outbreak. The truth is, about one in four sexually experienced teens become infected with an STD. Unfortunately, you are correct on this one. Statistics show that two-thirds of sexually transmitted diseases occur in people who are under twenty- five and one in four girls between the ages of fourteen and nineteen were determined to have at least one of four sexually transmitted diseases (Human Papillomavirus [HPV], Chlamydia, Herpes Simplex Virus, and Trichomoniasis. ).Young people (ages from 15- 24) h ave five times the reported rate of Chlamydia of the total population, four times the reported rate of Gonorrhea, and three times the rate of Syphilis. While semen and blood can spread some sexually transmitted diseases, some STDs like herpes and syphilis can be spread by skin on skin contact. For example, when herpes flares up, an active sore appears on the person’s body and if this sore comes into contact with another person’s skin (or moist areas like the mouth, throat, and also areas with cuts and/ or rashes), it can spread.However, it can also spread before the blisters actually form. I’ve actually heard these two myths before and never understood how they came about. The birth control pill has the potential to prevent one thing, the prevention of pregnancy from occurring. It holds no protection against sexually transmitted diseases. As for the myth about being able to get a sexually transmitted disease from a toilet seat, organisms cannot survive outside o f the human body for a long period of time. Some STDs are yours for life, like herpes and HIV.Others, like Chlamydia and Gonorrhea, can be treated; but you more likely to get infected again, since you are now vulnerable to the disease if you have sexual contact with someone who has them. In young girls, the second time you have Chlamydia, there’s more damage to your reproductive tract, which may cause permanent infertility. I expect that you read everything that I have written and have more of an understanding on sexually transmitted diseases. Remember: No sex is always better than safe sex. Sincerely always, The Doctor.

Effects Of Rumor On Rumor Transmission - 1273 Words

Rumors are a piece of everyday life; they zoom across the workplace, fly in the streets, and dash across the internet. According to DiFonzo, â€Å"Rumors are unverified information statements that circulate about topics that people perceive as important†¦ used by people attempting to make sense or to manage risk† (241). Rumors are created to satisfy the emotional wants and needs of a specific group of people and because of these wants and needs, people reject certain truths and facts that contradict their ideology and worldview. Belief and anxiety have a direct relationship to rumor transmission due to a person s wants and needs, propaganda, ideology, bias assimilation, and cognitive dissonance. In Pezzo and Becksteads â€Å"A Multilevel Analysis of Rumor Transmission†, the psychologists find that rumor anxiety and situational anxiety have an effect on rumor transmission. If anxiety is associated with a rumor, people are likely to pass it on because they believe th e rumor themselves. DiFonzo declares that rumors arise in times when there is a threat or potential threat because questions are unanswered, information is missing, or there is no clear communication (243). According to Pezzo and Beckstead, there are three types of anxiety: situational anxiety, rumor-specific anxiety, and trait anxiety. Situational anxiety is when situations produce more anxiety than others, rumor-specific anxiety is when topics themselves cause more anxiety than others, and trait anxiety is when a fewShow MoreRelatedThe Process and Reasoning: A Psychology of Rumor By Robert H. Knapp.1164 Words   |  5 PagesThe Understanding of a Rumor Synopsis. One of the more interesting readings in Behrens and Rosen’s Wrting and Reading Across the Curriculum was â€Å"A Psychology of Rumor† By Robert H. Knapp. His major point was the understanding of the process and the reasoning behind rumors. A rumor can be classified as a special case of informal social communications that include myth, legend, and current humor. Rumors have three basic characteristics to them. The first is mode transmission which is usually doneRead MoreThe Role Of The Transmission Of Knowledge Walter M. Miller s A Canticle For Leibowitz1307 Words   |  6 PagesThe role of the transmission of knowledge in Walter M. Miller’s A Canticle for Leibowitz is vital for people to recall and study more of the past prior to the nuclear war. Our contemporary world understands the significance contained in past literacy and oral traditions to teach us our civilization’s past, however, their current forms are not cherished by this generation due to technological advances. Even though the situations and settings in the world of Canticle for Leibowitz and the contemporaryRead MoreWireless Sensor Networks And The Growth Of Mobile Computing Essay1749 Words   |  7 Pagesadvancement in wireless technol ogy. The improvement in wireless transmission techniques lead to the development of the WSN. A wireless Sensor network includes various application areas like environment monitoring, military applications and context aware computing environments etc. All the sensor nodes are battery powered devices, and energy consumption of these nodes affects the life-time of the entire network during transmission or reception of packets. Presently number of energy efficientRead MoreDebate Over Racism Continued With The Death Of Thomas Eric Duncan952 Words   |  4 PagesHospital. Rumors like ...A statement released by the family of the first person to be diagnosed and die of the Ebola virus in the United States called it suspicious that all white patients treated in America survived the illness... appeared on Facebook (Patriot Outdoor News). In Implications of User Choice: The Cultural Logic of MySpace or Facebook? Danah Boyd explains how [social media] ...actually reveals social stratification and reproduces social divisions (410). The rumors about DuncanRead MoreThe Moon, Has Anyone Yet For Arrive? Essay1585 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals have become more inclined to doubt it ever happened. How could the government be so deceitful, an d why would it be necessary to lie to the whole world about such a game changer? According to psychologist Robert H. Knapp, the formation of rumors surrounding events such as this isn’t bizarre; in fact it is quite prevalent for society to become engulfed in such pronounced gossip. As scholarly figures and other skeptics continued to examine the conduct of the expedition and equipment that would’veRead MoreMethods Of Dividing The Networks Into Small Controllable Units Essay1513 Words   |  7 Pagesa cluster member in its cluster within its transmission range. The nodes recognize the information based upon the Received Signal Strength [10]. 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The famous Hungarian Suicide song – Gloomy Sunday, written by Rezso Seress (music) and Laszlo Javor (lyrics) in 1933, has been accused of causing hundreds of suicides and has been reportedly banned by BBC and some reports show that multiple US shops refusedRead MoreGrapevine Communication2403 Words   |  10 Pagesin an organization, the informal channels tend to develop when he interacts with other people in organization. It exists more at lower levels of organization. The dictionary gives us a definition for the grapevine which says it is the informal transmission of information, gossip or rumour from person to person .The grapevine is the informal and unsanctioned information network within every organization .The network helps employees make sense of the world around them and consequently provides a releaseRead MoreLiterature Review On Drinking Fountains1734 Words   |  7 Pagesconducted by Pigeon, Doria and Haunter( 2010) stated that drinking water perceptions are influenced mainly by the organoleptic quality(taste, color, odor, and feel). The research was about the Perceptions of drinking water quality and risk and its effect on behaviour: a cross-national study. This was conducted was to ensure trust between the consumers of drinking water quality and risks that can be posed by the drinking water. The researcher on the said study utilized a mixed method research and wasRead More Communication Processes Used Within My Organization Essay1210 Words   |  5 Pagesprocess involves the sender, the transmission of a message through a channel, and the receiver. Sender of the message: communications begins with the sender, who has a thought or an idea, which is then encoded in a way that can be understood by both the sender and the receiver. Use of a channel to transmit the message: the information is then transmitted over a channel that links the sender with the receiver. The message may be oral or written, and its transmission may be through a memorandum,

Fracking A Reliable Energy Solution - 1386 Words

Over the past decade oil and gas producers have increasingly used hydraulic fracturing also known as fracking to extract oil and gas from the earth. Most people believe fracking is a new process but it has been around for over 100 years. Modern day fracking began in the 1990’s when George P Mitchell created a new technique by combining fracking with horizontal drilling. Since then, U.S. oil and gas production has skyrocketed. But the â€Å"new† perception of fracking leads people to incorrectly believe that fracking is temporary and that it somehow harms the environment. The truth is fracking is a reasonable energy solution if oversight and safeguards are used. In the last ten years fracking has improved conditions in the U.S. in three†¦show more content†¦Shale is found in many colors but those that are very dark or black contain oil and gas. Conventional drillers look for pools of oil and gas above shale rock. â€Å"The oil and natural gas migrated o ut of the shale and upwards through the sediment mass because of their low density. The oil and gas were often trapped within the pore spaces of an overlying rock unit such as sandstone. These types of oil and gas deposits are known as conventional reservoirs because the fluids can easily flow through the pores of the rock and into the extraction well†. (Geology.com King) Conventional drilling into shale has declined because those conventional supplies are disappearing and drilling companies have known this for quite some time. They also know that more oil and gas can be extracted. Geology.com’s Hobart King provides this insight. â€Å"Although drilling can extract large amounts of oil and natural gas from the reservoir rock, much of it remains trapped within the shale. This oil and gas is very difficult to remove because it is trapped within tiny pore spaces or adsorbed onto clay mineral particles that make-up the shale. In the late 1990s natural gas drilling c ompanies developed new methods for liberating oil and natural gas that is trapped within the tiny pore spaces of shale. This discovery was significant because it unlocked some of the largest natural gas deposits in the world† (King Geology.com). The site goes on to provide this outlook for fracking oil

Capital Punishment Is Justified By Richard Allen Davis

Polly Klaas was one of the victims that has been rapped, kidnaped, and murdered by Richard Allen Davis, who is one the criminals who has given not just a second, yet a third chance to live and not be on the death row. In 1976, he kidnapped a woman and he was sent to jail for 5 years. After releasing him from jail, he abducted, raped, and beat other women. As a result of that, he served eight years in jail. His final attempt was Polly Klaas. Davis has kidnaped Polly from her home while she is having a slumber party. He entered her home while her mother is sleeping, tight her friends up and abducted her. Later, he raped and murdered Polly. Davis has finally sent to death row and been executed. (â€Å"the sad case†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). This is one of many cases that the criminal should have been executed from the first attempt. In order to understand why capital punishment is justified, it is necessary to understand the meaning of capital punishment, reasons of it is the existence and reduct ion of crime rate. To understand the meaning of capital punishment, it is should to be looked at three different aspects, that is, from government, victim or the victim’s family, and from people. Capital punishment is known as a death penalty. It is a law that set by a government that is an execution of a person who has committed a crime that needs to be punished by death (Capital Punishment.). From a victim or the victim’s family aspect, capital punishment is set to serve justice because the person needs to beShow MoreRelatedInvestigating the Effectiveness of the British Penal System3328 Words   |  14 PagesInvestigating the Effectiveness of the British Penal System The Penal System: is the set of laws, and procedures that follow a conviction to a person, these are punishments including sentencing, community service and tagging. The British penal system is a system used in our country, which keeps crime and violence under control. It is a system, which has been set up for many years to try and help prevent crimes, to have justice and set victims free. Crime covers theRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesCalifornia College for Health Sciences MBA Program McGraw-Hill/Irwin abc McGraw−Hill Primis ISBN: 0−390−58539−4 Text: Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition Cohen Harvard Business Review Finance Articles The Power of Management Capital Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell Leadership, Fifth Edition Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy The Art of M A:Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesseries: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. 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TablE 2.2  The Assumptions of McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y Assumptions of Theory X Average human beings have an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if they can. People must be coerced, controlled, directed, and threatened with punishment to get them to work People prefer to be directed, wish to avoid responsibility, have relatively little ambition, and, above all, want security. People are self-centered and do not like change. 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A Poison Tree by William Blake free essay sample

A Poison Tree by William Blake can be interpreted to be a metaphor that explains a truth of human nature. I believe that this poem teaches how anger can be dismissed by kindness and friendliness, and nurtured to become a deadly ‘poison’. The opening stanza sets up everything for the entire poem, from the ending of anger with the â€Å"friend,† to the continuing anger with the â€Å"foe. † Blake startles the reader with such clarity of the poem, which is often missed in Blake’s poems, and with metaphors that can apply to many events in life. Blake portrays this by using several forms of figurative language. The personification in A Poison Tree exists both as a means by which the poems metaphors are revealed, supported, and as a way for Blake to project the greater illustration of wrath. The wrath the speaker feels is not directly personified as a tree, but as something that grows slowly and bears fruit. We will write a custom essay sample on A Poison Tree by William Blake or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the opening stanza the speaker states, â€Å"My wrath did grow. The speaker later describes the living nature of the wrath as one which, â€Å"grew both day and night,† and, â€Å"bore an apple bright. † This comparison by personification of wrath to a tree illustrates the speakers idea that, like the slow and steady growth of a tree, anger and wrath gradually accumulate and form just as deadly as a poisoned tree. To understand the metaphorical theme of the poem, I believe you have to examine the title, A Poison Tree. This hints to the reader that some type of metaphor will be dominant throughout the poem. In the second stanza, Blake uses several metaphors that reflect the growing and nurturing of a tree which compare to the feeding of hate and vanity explored by the speaker. The verses, â€Å"And I watered it †¦with my tears† show how the tears of life lead the deadly object that we know as A Poison Tree. The speaker goes on to say, â€Å"And I sunned it with smiles† describing not only false intentions, but the process of â€Å"sunning†, giving nutrients to a plant so that it may not only grow and live, but flourish. In both of these metaphors, the basic elements for a tree to survive, water and sunlight are shown in human despair and sadness. The religious context of the poem is also evident in two metaphorical quotations made by the speaker towards the end of the poem. The deadly fruit born from the tree is an apple, while the scene of death and treachery occurs in the speakers garden. The apple is a product of hate, a biblical metaphor for sin. This connotates that destruction will occur if the tree is showered with sour emotions. The garden, which could be viewed as a place of life and prosperity, is simply the stage for the sinful act, as it was in the Bible. Like the events of the biblical story of Adam and Eve, man gives in to the weakness of sin and feasts upon the Tree of Knowledge in the Garden of Eden. Blakes poetry, while easy to understand and simplistic, usually implies a moral motif on an almost basic level. The powerful figurative language in A Poison Tree is so apparent that it brings forth an apparent message as well. The poem is not a celebration of wrath but it is Blakes cry against it. Through this, I believe that Blake warns the reader of the dangers of repression and of rejoicing in the sorrow of our foes. From this interpretation, I believe that William Blake wrote this poem to convey a simple message. A Poison Tree may be one of Blake’s simpler poems, but is just as effective of getting its message across. He used figurative language as a way to express his point that anything beautiful in life (the tree) can be contorted to something evil or disgusting if shown ugly emotions (poison).